Claudia Goldin, a Harvard professor, received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
She is the third woman to win the economics Nobel.
She became the first woman to receive tenure in Harvard's economics department in 1989.
Claudia Goldin views her win as a culmination of gender diversity progress in economics.
The Nobel committee recognized her research on female employment and the gender wage gap.
Her research showed changes in women's employment patterns over history.
Randi Hjalmarsson, a committee member from the University of Gothenburg, highlighted the significant societal impact of Claudia Goldin's discoveries.
Currently, women in the United States earn slightly over 80 cents for every dollar earned by men.
Last year's recipients included Ben S. Bernanke, former Federal Reserve chair, along with Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. from the University of Chicago.